E-cadherin Mouse Monoclonal Antibody [3-F9]

Function

E-cadherin (epithelial) is the most well-studied member of the cadherin family. It consists of 5 cadherin repeats (EC1 ~ EC5) in the extracellular domain, one transmembrane domain, and an intracellular domain that binds p120-catenin and beta-catenin. The intracellular domain contains a highly-phosphorylated region vital to beta-catenin binding and, therefore, to E-cadherin function. Loss of E-cadherin function or expression has been implicated in cancer progression and metastasis. E-cadherin downregulation decreases the strength of cellular adhesion within a tissue, resulting in an increase in cellular motility. This in turn may allow cancer cells to cross the basement membrane and invade surrounding tissues. E-cadherin is also used by pathologists to diagnose different kinds of breast cancer.

Background References

1. Eger A, et al. (Mar 2005). "DeltaEF1 is a transcriptional repressor of E-cadherin and regulates epithelial plasticity in breast cancer cells." Oncogene 24 (14): 2375–85.

2. Liu YN, et al. (Dec 2005). "Regulatory mechanisms controlling human E-cadherin gene expression.". Oncogene 24 (56): 8277–90.

3. Lombaerts M, et al. (Mar 2006). "E-cadherin transcriptional downregulation by promoter methylation but not mutation is related to epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in breast cancer cell lines." Br J Cancer 94 (5): 661–71.

Tissue Specificity

Expressed in inner and outer pillar cells of the organ of Corti (at protein level). Non-neural epithelial tissues.

Post-translational Modification

During apoptosis or with calcium influx, cleaved by a membrane-bound metalloproteinase (ADAM10), PS1/gamma-secretase and caspase-3 (By similarity). Processing by the metalloproteinase, induced by calcium influx, causes disruption of cell-cell adhesion and the subsequent release of beta-catenin into the cytoplasm (By similarity). The residual membrane-tethered cleavage product is rapidly degraded via an intracellular proteolytic pathway (By similarity). Cleavage by caspase-3 releases the cytoplasmic tail resulting in disintegration of the actin microfilament system (By similarity). The gamma-secretase-mediated cleavage promotes disassembly of adherens junctions (By similarity). During development of the cochlear organ of Corti, cleavage by ADAM10 at adherens junctions promotes pillar cell separation.; O-glycosylated. O-manosylated by TMTC1, TMTC2, TMTC3 or TMTC4. Ser-287 and Thr-511 are O-manosylated by TMTC2 or TMTC4 but not TMTC1 or TMTC3.; N-glycosylation at Asn-639 is essential for expression, folding and trafficking. Addition of bisecting N-acetylglucosamine by MGAT3 modulates its cell membrane location (By similarity).; Ubiquitinated by a SCF complex containing SKP2, which requires prior phosphorylation by CK1/CSNK1A1. Ubiquitinated by CBLL1/HAKAI, requires prior phosphorylation at Tyr-756 (By similarity).

Subcellular Location

Cell membrane

UNIPROT

SwissProt: P12830 Human

SwissProt: P09803 Mouse

Synonyms