CD163 Recombinant Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody

Function

CD163, also designated M130, is a macrophage-associated antigen that is a member of the scavenger receptor cysteine-rich (SRCR) superfamily. It is highly expressed on macrogphages and to a lesser extent on monocytes. The acute phase-regulated and signal-inducing macrophage protein, CD163, is a receptor that scavenges hemoglobin by mediating endocytosis of haptoglobin-hemoglobin complexes. CD163 binds only haptoglobin and hemoglobin in complex, which indicates the exposure of a receptor-binding neoepitope. The receptor-ligand interaction is calcium-dependent and of high affinity. The existence of several CD163 isoforms, which differ in the structure of their cytoplasmic domains and putative phosphorylation sites, suggests that these isoforms also differ in their signaling mechanism. The gene which encodes CD163 maps to human chromosome 12p13.31.

Background References

1. Sato Y et al. The PD-1/PD-L1 axis may be aberrantly activated in occupational cholangiocarcinoma.Pathol Int 67(3):163-170 (2017).

2. Chen H et al. An Agonist of the Protective Factor SIRT1 Improves Functional Recovery and Promotes Neuronal Survival by Attenuating Inflammation after Spinal Cord Injury. J Neurosci 37:2916-2930 (2017).

Tissue Specificity

Expressed in monocytes and mature macrophages such as Kupffer cells in the liver, red pulp macrophages in the spleen, cortical macrophages in the thymus, resident bone marrow macrophages and meningeal macrophages of the central nervous system. Expressed also in blood. Isoform 1 is the lowest abundant in the blood. Isoform 2 is the lowest abundant in the liver and the spleen. Isoform 3 is the predominant isoform detected in the blood.

Post-translational Modification

A soluble form (sCD163) is produced by proteolytic shedding which can be induced by lipopolysaccharide, phorbol ester and Fc region of immunoglobulin gamma. This cleavage is dependent on protein kinase C and tyrosine kinases and can be blocked by protease inhibitors. The shedding is inhibited by the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase TIMP3, and thus probably induced by membrane-bound metalloproteinases ADAMs.; Phosphorylated.

Subcellular Location

Cell membrane; Secreted.

UNIPROT

SwissProt: Q86VB7 Human

Synonyms