GAD67 Recombinant Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody [JM11-11]

Function

There are two forms of glutamic acid decarboxylases (GADs) that are found in the brain: GAD-65 (also known as GAD2) and GAD-67 (also known as GAD1, GAD or SCP). GAD-65 and GAD-67 are members of the group II decarboxylase family of proteins and are responsible for catalyzing the rate limiting step in the production of GABA (g-aminobutyric acid) from L-glutamic acid. Although both GADs are found in the brain, GAD-65 localizes to synaptic vesicle membranes in nerve terminals, while GAD-67 is distributed throughout the cell. GAD-67 is responsible for the basal levels of GABA synthesis. In the case of a heightened demand for GABA in neurotransmission, GAD-65 will transiently activate to assist in GABA production. The loss of GAD-65 is detrimental and can impair GABA neurotransmission, however the loss of GAD-67 is lethal. Due to alternative splicing, two isoforms exist for GAD-67, the predominant GAD-67 form and the minor GAD-25 form. GAD-25 is not expressed in brain but can be found in a variety of endocrine tissues.

Background References

1. Li JT et al. Repeated Blockade of NMDA Receptors During Adolescence Impairs Reversal Learning and Disrupts GABAergic Interneurons in Rat Medial Prefrontal Cortex. Front Mol Neurosci 9:17 (2016).

2. Fu Q et al. MHC-I promotes apoptosis of GABAergic interneurons in the spinal dorsal horn and contributes to cancer induced bone pain. Exp Neurol 286:12-20 (2016).

Sequence Similarity

Belongs to the group II decarboxylase family.

Tissue Specificity

Isoform 3 is expressed in pancreatic islets, testis, adrenal cortex, and perhaps other endocrine tissues, but not in brain.

Subcellular Location

Cytoplasm, Plasma Membrane.

UNIPROT

SwissProt: Q99259 Human

SwissProt: P48318 Mouse

SwissProt: P18088 Rat

Synonyms