Phospho-EGFR (Y1068) Recombinant Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody [SD2055]

Function

Epidermal growth factor mediates its effects on cell growth through its inter-action with a cell surface glycoprotein designated the EGF receptor. Binding of EGF or TGF alpha to the EGF receptor activates tyrosine-specific protein kinase activity intrinsic to the EGF receptor. The carboxy terminal tyrosine residues on EGFR, Tyr 1068 and Tyr 1173, are the major sites of autophosphorylation, which occurs as a result of EGF binding. Once activated, EGFR mediates the binding of the phosphotyrosine binding (PTB) domain of GRB2 through direct interactions with Tyr 1068 and Tyr 1086 and through indirect interactions with Tyr 1173 in the Ras signaling pathway. Tyr 1173 of EGFR also functions as a kinase substrate. Phosphorylation of Tyr 992, Tyr 1068 and Tyr 1086 is required for conformational change in the C-terminal tail of the EGF receptor.

Background References

1. Zhang W et al. A Selected Lactobacillus rhamnosus Strain Promotes EGFR-Independent Akt Activation in an Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli K88-Infected IPEC-J2 Cell Model. PLoS One 10:e0125717 (2015).

2. Pan T et al. Cytohesins/ARNO: the function in colorectal cancer cells. PLoS One 9:e90997 (2014).

Sequence Similarity

Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Tyr protein kinase family. EGF receptor subfamily.

Tissue Specificity

Ubiquitously expressed. Isoform 2 is also expressed in ovarian cancers.

Post-translational Modification

Phosphorylated on Tyr residues in response to EGF. Phosphorylation at Ser-695 is partial and occurs only if Thr-693 is phosphorylated. Phosphorylation at Thr-678 and Thr-693 by PRKD1 inhibits EGF-induced MAPK8/JNK1 activation. Dephosphorylation by PTPRJ prevents endocytosis and stabilizes the receptor at the plasma membrane. Autophosphorylation at Tyr-1197 is stimulated by methylation at Arg-1199 and enhances interaction with PTPN6. Autophosphorylation at Tyr-1092 and/or Tyr-1110 recruits STAT3. Dephosphorylated by PTPN1 and PTPN2.; Monoubiquitinated and polyubiquitinated upon EGF stimulation; which does not affect tyrosine kinase activity or signaling capacity but may play a role in lysosomal targeting. Polyubiquitin linkage is mainly through 'Lys-63', but linkage through 'Lys-48', 'Lys-11' and 'Lys-29' also occurs. Deubiquitination by OTUD7B prevents degradation. Ubiquitinated by RNF115 and RNF126 (By similarity).; Palmitoylated on Cys residues by ZDHHC20. Palmitoylation inhibits internalization after ligand binding, and increases the persistence of tyrosine-phosphorylated EGFR at the cell membrane. Palmitoylation increases the amplitude and duration of EGFR signaling.; Methylated. Methylation at Arg-1199 by PRMT5 stimulates phosphorylation at Tyr-1197.

Subcellular Location

Cell membrane, Endoplasmic reticulum membrane, Golgi apparatus membrane, Nucleus membrane, Endosome, Nucleus, Secreted.

UNIPROT

SwissProt: P00533 Human

Synonyms